how do religious groups in israel influence policy decisions?

 Religious groups in Israel influence policy decisions through various means, including political representation, lobbying, and public advocacy.

Jewish religious groups, particularly the Orthodox Zionists and the Ultra-Orthodox, have significant influence in Israeli politics. They are represented in the political arena through religious parties, which have exerted influence by being essential partners in government coalitions
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. For instance, Ultra-Orthodox parties have been able to push for greater autonomy and secure benefits for their communities, such as exemption from military service and special budgets for public transportation in Haredi areas
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. They have also influenced policy on issues such as education and the observance of the Sabbath
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.The Arab religious minorities in Israel, including Muslims, Christians, and Druze, also have political representation. There are several Arab parties in Israel that primarily represent Arab-Israeli and Palestinian interests
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. These parties can influence policy decisions, particularly on issues pertaining to the conflict with the Palestinians
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.However, the influence of religious groups on policy decisions can also lead to tensions and disagreements. For example, Jewish groups often disagree on specific public policy issues, with more religiously observant Jews advocating for different policies than less observant Jews
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. Similarly, among Israel’s Arab minority, there are debates between Islamists who advocate for a greater role of religion in politics and others who have different orientations
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.In conclusion, religious groups in Israel influence policy decisions through political representation, lobbying, and public advocacy. However, this influence can also lead to tensions and disagreements, reflecting the complex relationship between religion and politics in Israel.

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